China’s largest consumer of robots surged 54% last year

The robot industry is getting hotter and hotter in the world, and China once again made headlines with a huge "appetite."

According to data released by the International Robot Alliance (IFR), global industrial robot sales in 2014 were approximately 225,000 units, a year-on-year increase of 27%. Among them, Asia contributes more than half, about 140,000 units. The most eye-catching performance was in China, when the sales of robots reached 56,000 units, a surge of 54% year-on-year.

These robotic applications are concentrated in the automotive and electronics industries. In addition, the proportion of industrial robots in the fields of rubber and plastics, metals and machinery, military, aerospace manufacturing, food industry, and medical equipment has increased in recent years.

Of course, China is not the only one, and the sales of robots in other major markets around the world have also hit new highs. Thanks to the investment growth of the automotive industry, Korean robot sales reached 39,000 units, second only to China. This was followed by Japan, the United States, and Germany. These five major robotics markets accounted for 75% of total global sales in 2014.

It is worth mentioning that this is the second consecutive time that China has become the world's largest consumer of robots. In 2013, China contributed 36,000 units of the total 178,000 units of global sales, accounting for more than one-fifth of the total, making it the world's largest robot market for the first time. According to market analysis, China will maintain this market position for the next 3-5 years.

However, there are about 30 robots per 10,000 workers in China. The numbers in Korea, Japan, Germany and the United States are 437, 323, 282 and 152, respectively, which are 14.6 times and 10.8 times that of China. 9.4 times and 5 times.

This shows that the level of industrial robot penetration and automation in China is relatively low, but it also means greater development potential.

The International Robotics Alliance claims that by 2017, China's industrial robots will double to 400,000 units based on the current 200,000 units, the highest in the world.

These future expectations have made the Chinese people feel the tide. Behind the huge robot application market, the number of imported robots in 2014 reached 40,000, accounting for more than 70%. According to the report of the International Robot Alliance, four of the five industrial robots in China come from foreign manufacturers, mainly from Japan, North America and Europe.

In order to seize the Chinese market, Japanese robot manufacturers such as Yaskawa, FANUC, Kawasaki, Nabtesco, Hyundai, Roppda, Alpa and other Korean robot manufacturers, as well as ABB in Switzerland, KUKA in Germany, and Coma in Italy European manufacturers of robots have come to China to set up subsidiaries or joint ventures, and to build factories or production bases in many cities in China. ABB has placed the global robot business headquarters and one of the two production bases in Shanghai.

ABB marketing director Per Vegard Nerseth said that China's auto production growth is only just beginning. As the first foreign manufacturer to produce robots in China, ABB has witnessed the explosive growth of China's robot market over the past two or three years.

There are thousands of robot related companies in China. Pan Wei, a senior analyst at the OFweek Industry Research Center, told the interface journalist that there are more than 70 A-share listed companies involved in robotics.

There are thousands of robot companies of all sizes, the vast majority of which are under 100 million yuan, and there is no competition at all. In the next five years, domestic small and medium-sized robot companies will face reshuffle.

Pan Wei believes that Shenyang Xinsong, Anhui Eft, and Guangzhou CNC are better robot companies in China, especially the first two have already achieved the first product export, and the robot product line is relatively rich. Guangzhou CNC relies on domestic leading CNC technology and has great advantages in robot R&D and manufacturing. Most of the other listed companies have not achieved mass production or sales, and are only in the market cultivation stage.

Compared with foreign robot manufacturers, the biggest shortcoming of Chinese companies lies in the lack of core technology of independent intellectual property rights. Pan Wei told the interface journalist that China relies heavily on foreign countries for its upstream core components. Because compared with Japan and other countries that entered the robot field in the 1980s and have sold more than 10,000 yuan a year, China has a late entry, and the products have not been tested. The foreign products have passed the test period of more than ten years, and the technology is more mature and reliable.

The shortcomings of the core components have determined that China can only hand over the head of the "cake". Lv Tie, director of the Industrial Development Research Office of the Institute of Industrial Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, wrote that parts account for more than 70% of the overall production cost. Among them, 75% of the precision reducer is monopolized by Japan, domestic high-priced purchases account for 45% of production costs, and in Japan only 25%, the cost of purchasing core components in China is already higher than the overall price of foreign robots. In the high-end robot market, it is impossible to compete with foreign brands. ”

However, the situation has improved in recent years. Pan Wei said that Evert currently has 10% of the speed reducer purchased from China, the controller has reached 20%-30%, and the servo motor has more.

Pan Wei also told the interface journalists that some robot manufacturers in China often give products to customers for free to promote their products. If the effect is good, they will continue to negotiate orders.

In addition to technological innovations such as core components, it is necessary for the Chinese robotics industry to learn from foreign experience in other areas. For example, Japan, which is not the first country to enter the field of robotics, has become one of the most advanced robots in the field with the most advanced technology, the largest number of patents, the most successful commercialization, and the fastest overall development.

According to the research report of China Research Institute, policy support, the interdependence of upstream and downstream industrial chains and the emphasis on technological innovation by enterprises are the three major factors for the Japanese robot industry to maintain global competitiveness. Policy support includes industrial investment, taxation, subsidies and depreciation. And guide the direction of industrial development.

The Chinese government's emphasis on the robot industry has also entered the level of policy and financial support. In January 2014, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the “Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Development of Industrial Robot Industry”, clearly proposing to cultivate 3-5 internationally competitive leading enterprises and 8-10 supporting industrial clusters, and the market share of high-end products increased. Up to 45% or more.

On May 8 this year, the State Council officially issued the "Made in China 2025". This is also the first ten years of China's implementation of the strategy of manufacturing a strong country, including "high-end CNC machine tools and robots" as one of the key areas of promotion.

Thanks to the favorable policies, the Chinese robot industry has quickly become a hot spot, and the industrial park has blossomed everywhere. There are also many people who are worried about it in a good voice. They worry that the development of “Great Leap Forward” will lead to overcapacity and serious bubble.

Pan Wei believes that robots belong to the high-tech field. Enterprises need a lot of funds and supporting facilities in the initial stage of development. The construction of industrial parks is an effective channel. “Any industry will bubble at the beginning, which is normal. It is not sustainable. Next, we need reasonable top-level design and system planning to guide the healthy development of the industry.”

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