Hazardous chemicals are flammable, explosive, easy to poison, and easy to pollute. Once an accident occurs in transportation, it may cause serious accidents, and the consequences are unimaginable. At the same time, it brings considerable difficulties to rescue, and it is extremely difficult to handle recycling. It is worth pointing out that the vast majority of casualties are not the occupants, but the villagers and passers-by who are innocent. Such accidents should be given high priority.
    The root cause of such accidents is that many drivers engaged in the transportation of hazardous chemicals lack relevant knowledge, and the relevant departments have weak management of hazardous chemicals transportation.
    How to transport dangerous chemicals safely? Taking the more common iron drum packaging transportation as an example, six aspects should be noted. First, engaged in dangerous chemicals transportation vehicles to drive a special car According to the Regulations on the Safety Management of Dangerous Chemicals, drivers and escorts must receive relevant laws, regulations, rules and safety knowledge, professional and technical training, and understand the nature of hazardous chemicals, hazard characteristics and emergency measures for accidents. Only after passing the examination can they be employed. Before the product is shipped, the manufacturer shall explain to the driver the physical, chemical properties and precautions of the cargo, such as the specific gravity, flash point, toxicity and expansion coefficient of the product. For example, epichlorohydrin in transport drums has a large expansion coefficient and is flammable. When filling, it must use new barrels. It must be full of barrels and cannot leave space. In the summer, you should put a shed on the car, take a cool awning, in order to facilitate air circulation, avoid direct sunlight, and handle the dangerous goods transportation certificate to the relevant departments, hang the small yellow flag and write the words " dangerous goods " for people to identify. In addition, it is necessary to bring a few barrel lid seals, one or two wet sacks, a small amount of sand, as well as special wrenches, dry powder fire extinguishers, etc., in case of urgent need. Second, loading goods to the scene The process of transporting dangerous goods is actually a process of testing the driver's sense of responsibility. Care must be taken from the beginning. The loading of dangerous goods in barrels seems to be simple, but it is very particular. Loading should be symmetrical and balanced, so that one car and one product can be mixed; all kinds of chemical dangerous goods can not be mixed to avoid chemical reaction after leakage; there should be no gap between barrel and barrel, and the space should be filled with waste cardboard or woven bag; The exhaust pipe of the car should be equipped with a flame arrester; the iron floor car should also be covered with a straw bag or a reed mat to avoid sliding during driving; then the rope is bundled into a whole to ensure a firm load. Third, medium speed driving, careful driving The responsibility of transporting dangerous goods is heavier than that of Taishan. It is necessary to choose a driver with a gentle temper and skill, and who does not smoke. Driving is to " reward the three first " and actively avoid all kinds of vehicles. Avoid the pits, do not open the hero car, gamble the car, so that the car is moving forward smoothly. Try to use emergency brakes as little as possible during driving to keep the cargo stable. It is worth reminding that no matter what kind of chemical products are transported, tarpaulins should be affixed to prevent the cigarettes from falling when driving. Fourth, on the way to check The safety hazard of dangerous goods transportation starts from the leakage. Due to the bumpy vibration of the vehicles in the driving, the packaging is often damaged, and the damage is often concentrated on three points: one is that the barrel cover is not tightened or the sealing ring is invalid; the other is the iron barrel The weld seam and the barrel rib are damaged due to friction; the third is that the bottom of the barrel is broken during driving. Therefore, check every time you drive for two hours, whether there is any overflow on the lid of the bucket, and then tighten it with a special wrench. If the seal ring fails, it should be replaced; whether the filling between the iron drums is dropped or not; there is no leakage liquid around the bottom of the compartment. If it is, the leaky bucket should be detected, with the leaked point facing up; whether the bundled rope is loose or not. It is worth reminding that in the hot season, the liquid will swell, and when the seal is replaced, it should be slowly opened, and then the gas should be released and then opened to avoid the overheating liquid sprayed and wounded. 5. The driving route and time should be chosen properly. To transport dangerous goods, it is necessary to select a national trunk road with a smooth road, and it is impossible to draw a road that is complicated and complicated. Drive away from towns and residential areas. If it is not possible, check it again and confirm that it is safe and leak-free. You can't park and rest in urban streets and densely populated areas. In particular, tank trucks transport dangerous chemicals. Since the tanks are all exposed, during the summer, daytime rest should be promoted and driving at night to prevent liquid expansion. Avoid driving vehicles and personnel during peak hours. In the event of a leak and personal power cannot be recovered, it is necessary to quickly drive to an open area, away from people and water. In the event of a traffic accident, the scope of isolation should be expanded and immediately reported to the relevant authorities. Sixth, carefully unloading, to prevent pollution Hazardous chemicals are toxic and corrosive. They can easily pollute the environment if they are not noticed, especially liquid products can easily contaminate land and water sources. After long-distance transportation, the outer packaging must be damaged, especially when unloading. Where there is no dedicated platform, it is necessary to lay a springboard or a wooden bar, use a rope to pull the bucket to slowly land, or use a waste tire to pad the ground to cushion. And to inform the owner, the dangerous goods should be put on hold for a period of time, and then use after all kinds of performance is stable. It is worth reminding that if there is any trace of leakage in the compartment, do not rush to clean it. First clean it with sawdust or sand, let it dry out, evaporate, and rinse with water away from the water source to avoid polluting the environment. |