In the season of heavy rains, it's crucial for citizens to stay informed about weather warnings and understand basic safety measures. When orange or red storm warnings are issued, people outdoors should pay close attention to rain and traffic updates, avoid high-voltage equipment like power lines, towers, and transformers, and refrain from walking through flooded areas to prevent electric shocks. Even after a warning is lifted, caution is still necessary, especially in regions prone to secondary disasters such as riverbanks or steep slopes.
Shenzhen recently experienced its heaviest rainfall in an hour in 60 years. It’s expected that convective weather will remain active in the near future. From noon on the 30th to noon on the 31st, large parts of Guangdong were hit by heavy rain. Shenzhen saw conditions so severe that it felt like dusk in the morning. After a brief pause, the rain returned again. During the thunderstorm on the 30th, 9,119 lightning strikes were recorded within five hours. Tragically, two lives were lost due to the storm. According to meteorological reports, some areas recorded 114 millimeters of rain in just one hour—this was the strongest hourly rainfall in six decades.
What does 9,119 lightning strikes over five hours mean? It shows how intense this storm was, and we must take such weather seriously. From a security perspective, lightning protection for security systems is a critical design consideration. Outdoor equipment, especially those installed on high-rise buildings, requires enhanced lightning protection measures.
**Lightning Protection Technology for Security Equipment**
A complete security system includes front-end data collection devices, transmission lines, and back-end storage and monitoring centers. Each component requires specific lightning protection strategies.
**1. Front-End Equipment Protection**
Front-end devices are typically divided into indoor and outdoor units. If outdoor equipment is located far from buildings and not within the effective range of the building’s lightning protection system, a dedicated lightning protection device should be installed. For equipment already within the protection area of a building’s lightning rod or conductor, direct lightning protection may not be necessary, but protection against induced lightning is essential.
For example, outdoor cameras within the coverage of a building’s lightning protection system should have their power and signal cables routed through grounded steel pipes to provide shielding. Surge arresters should also be installed on each line leading to the camera to protect against voltage surges. These arresters must be properly grounded; otherwise, they offer no real protection.
It's important to note that isolated pole-mounted cameras should have their own lightning rods to prevent direct strikes. The camera should be placed within the effective protection zone of the lightning rod, and the distance between the rod and the camera should be maximized while ensuring adequate protection. The pole and mounting bracket should ideally be made of steel, which provides good conductivity and shielding. Proper grounding (with low resistance) is essential for effective lightning protection.
Indoor front-end equipment also requires protection against lightning-induced surges. Video surveillance systems can use standard three-in-one (video + control + power) or two-in-one (video + power) surge protection devices to safeguard cameras and control signals.
**2. Transmission Line Protection**
Transmission lines include both signal and power lines. Direct burial is strongly recommended to reduce the risk of lightning damage. Overhead lines are more vulnerable and should be avoided if possible. If overhead installation is unavoidable, high-quality shielded cables with dense copper mesh should be used, and the shielding should be grounded. The cables should be routed along buildings, away from lightning conductor conductors, and grounded at each pole.
If overhead cables are used, they should be properly grounded. At the point where the cable enters the building, a surge arrester should be installed. The metal sheath of the cable and any self-supporting steel cables should also be connected to the grounding system.
**3. Back-End Storage and Monitoring Center Protection**
From a direct lightning protection standpoint, the building housing the monitoring center should have lightning rods, conductors, or a lightning protection net. For induced lightning protection, all metal pipelines entering the center should be connected to the grounding system.
If overhead cables are directly introduced, a surge arrester should be installed at the entrance. The cable’s metal sheath and any self-supporting steel cables should be grounded. The monitoring center should also have an equipotential connection box, with copper bars running around the walls (under the anti-static floor). All grounding points—such as those for surge protectors, PE lines, equipment grounds, and static electricity—should be connected to the copper bar to prevent dangerous voltage differences.
Use thick copper wires to connect various types of surge protectors to the equipotential bar, ensuring the shortest and thickest possible connections for optimal performance. This helps ensure the safety and reliability of the entire security system during severe weather events.
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