In China, the annual area under chemical pest control in crops exceeds 6 billion mu, and chemical control remains the most effective and cost-efficient method. The contribution rate of chemical control to crop protection is over 90%. However, many farmers lack the necessary knowledge for diagnosing pests and diseases, and there is no well-established social service system to support them. As a result, several critical issues persist in pesticide use.
Improper selection of crop varieties and irrational choices of pesticides are common practices. According to the current state of pesticide usage in China, experts suggest taking multiple measures to promote more rational and sustainable use of these agricultural inputs.
First, in line with the requirements of Document No. 1, it is essential to actively promote the development of specialized pest control organizations and allocate dedicated funds to support their operations. This will help build a more structured and professional approach to pest management.
Second, the government should establish special funds to support the safe use of pesticides. Research should be strengthened on technical reserves for safe application, particularly for key crops such as rice, wheat, fruit trees, and vegetables. The goal is to reduce pesticide use through innovative technologies and develop practical models that can be widely adopted. Additionally, the demonstration and promotion of new environmentally friendly pesticides should be prioritized.
Third, efforts should focus on developing labor-saving and high-efficiency pesticide application technologies. Based on the optimal droplet size theory and droplet radius principles, fine mist spray systems can be researched and developed. By considering the "fog kill radius" of different types of pesticides, appropriate "fog deposition density" can be determined. This can significantly improve the efficiency of pesticide application and reduce the amount used.
Fourth, research should be intensified on pest and disease resistance, along with monitoring and treatment technologies. This includes early detection of resistance genes in the field. Establishing resistance monitoring points and control demonstration areas based on regions where pests and diseases occur will allow for accurate assessment of resistance levels using GPS and internet technologies. Based on this data, technical programs such as alternating or rotating pesticide use can be proposed to guide the scientific and responsible use of chemicals.
Fifth, building a socially oriented service system is crucial. A qualification certification system for pesticide practitioners should be implemented. Encouraging agricultural technicians to establish various forms of services, such as plant hospitals, will provide farmers with expert advice and on-site assistance. Standardized procedures and charging guidelines should also be set to ensure quality and transparency.
Lastly, public awareness and training on safe pesticide use must be enhanced. Special attention should be given to training key personnel, including large-scale agricultural technology operators, dealers, professional pest control teams, and staff at horticultural crop standard parks. This will help create a knowledgeable workforce capable of promoting safer and more efficient pesticide practices.
By implementing these strategies, China can move toward a more sustainable and responsible approach to pesticide use, ensuring both agricultural productivity and environmental safety.
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