In China, the annual area of crops under chemical control exceeds 6 billion mu, and chemical pest control remains the most effective and cost-efficient method. The contribution rate of chemical control to crop protection is over 90%. However, farmers often lack the necessary knowledge to accurately diagnose pests and diseases, and there is a lack of comprehensive social service organizations. As a result, several critical issues persist in pesticide use.
Improper selection of crop varieties and irrational choice of pesticides are common problems. According to the current situation of pesticide usage in China, experts recommend addressing these challenges from multiple angles and accelerating the rational and sustainable use of pesticides.
First, in line with the requirements of Document No. 1, it is essential to promote the development of specialized pest control organizations. Allocating dedicated funds to support these organizations will help improve their capacity and reach.
Second, the government should set aside specific funds to support the safe use of pesticides. Strengthening research on the technical basis for safe application is crucial. Studies should focus on rice, wheat, fruit trees, and vegetable fields, aiming to reduce pesticide use through innovative technologies and best practices. New environmentally friendly pesticides should also be promoted and demonstrated effectively.
Third, developing labor-saving and high-efficiency pesticide application technologies is vital. Based on the optimal droplet size theory and droplet radius principles, fine mist spray systems can be developed. By studying the "fog kill radius" of different types of pesticides, researchers can determine the appropriate "fog deposition density," significantly improving coverage efficiency and reducing the amount of pesticide used.
Fourth, research on pest resistance and agricultural pest monitoring technologies must be strengthened. Establishing monitoring points and demonstration areas based on pest-prone regions will allow for early detection of resistance genes. Utilizing GPS and internet technology, accurate assessments of pest resistance levels can be provided, leading to recommendations such as alternating or rotating pesticide use to guide more scientific and rational application practices.
Fifth, building a socially oriented service system is important. Implementing a qualification certification system for pesticide professionals will enhance expertise. Encouraging agricultural technicians to establish various forms of services, such as plant hospitals, will provide farmers with accurate diagnosis and on-site assistance.
Lastly, increasing public awareness and training on safe pesticide use is essential. Focusing on training key personnel, including large-scale agribusinesses, dealers, professional control teams, and horticultural parks, will ensure that best practices are widely adopted.
By implementing these measures, China can move towards a more sustainable and efficient approach to pesticide use, ensuring both environmental safety and agricultural productivity.
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