The sun is a natural source of energy. The ability of every living creature on earth to function, even its existence, is due to the energy directly or indirectly from the sun. Our planet is about 100 million miles from the sun. The radiant energy it intercepts is so small that it is incredible, that is, about three-tenths of a million. Even such a small amount of energy is actually 100,000 times more than the current power generation capacity of the entire world! The world, especially industrialized countries, is beginning to feel the energy shortage. Therefore, people began to resort to solar energy to solve the energy crisis.
Solar photovoltaic solar energy is available in unlimited quantities every day, and it is huge. If used in large power plants, the greenhouse effect is reduced. Some energy experts and environmental protection experts believe that the thermal impact of solar energy is much smaller than any other alternative in terms of meeting human energy needs in the future. As a new energy source that does not pollute the environment and is inexhaustible, it is everywhere. Especially in terms of power supply, some experts believe that solar power will eventually account for 20% of the power supply.
Solar energy is a kind of radiant energy. Solar power means that to convert sunlight directly into electrical energy, it must be converted into electricity by means of an energy converter. The process of converting light energy directly into electrical energy is called the photovoltaic effect. Without the aid of any other mechanical components, the energy in the light is obtained by the electrons of the semiconductor device, thus generating electrical energy. This type of energy converter that converts light energy into electrical energy is a solar cell. Solar cells, like transistors, are made up of semiconductors. Its main material is silicon, but also some other alloys. High-purity silicon used in the manufacture of solar cells is specially purified. As long as the solar cell is exposed to sunlight or light, it can convert the light energy into electric energy, and the current flows from one side to the other, and generally emits 10 to 20% of the electricity equivalent to the received light energy. In general, the stronger the light, the more energy is generated. In order to minimize the light reflection of the solar panel, the light energy is converted into electric energy, and a film for preventing light reflection is generally deposited on the surface of the solar panel, so that the surface of the solar panel is purple. The basis of its working principle is the photovoltaic effect of the semiconductor PN junction. The so-called photovoltaic effect is an effect of the electromotive force and current generated when the object is exposed to light and the state of charge distribution in the object changes. When sunlight or other light illuminates the PN junction of the semiconductor, a voltage (called a photo-generated voltage) appears on both sides of the PN junction. This phenomenon is known as the photovoltaic effect. Shorting the PN junction produces a current.
The main advantage of solar power generation is that the solar cell can be placed in a space that is not used in the roof, such as the roof, no noise, long life, and almost no adjustment is needed once it is set. Now, as long as the roof is filled with solar cells, you can achieve self-sufficiency in electricity consumption at home. The main use of solar energy today is no longer small-scale, and in nature, it is specialized. It has played a major role in the military field, communications field, and urban construction. Venezuela also launched cheap solar cars, and European scientists have developed lightweight, wearable solar cells. At present, there is a huge space for the development of solar energy, and related technologies are likely to achieve breakthroughs in a short period of time. It has been used by many developed countries as an important part of its energy strategy.
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