According to the Oriental Morning Post, "China has made great progress in prospecting and mine construction in the past ten years, but major breakthroughs have yet to be made, and further breakthroughs are needed." National Nonferrous Metals Mining Conference held in Beijing on July 6. Above, Chen Quanxun, president of the China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association, said. Despite the significant increase in the proven reserves of non-ferrous metals in China over the past few years, the grim fact behind this is that China’s own non-ferrous metal mines are small and medium-sized mines, associated with mining power and consumption, which ranks first in the world. Mines and poor ore are mostly, mining is difficult, processing costs are high, and the dependence of several important non-ferrous metal minerals has increased year by year. At the same time, the comprehensive utilization of metal recycling has just started, which makes the protection of non-ferrous metal resources face a severe situation. According to data provided by the China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association on the same day, during the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period, the proven reserves of copper, bauxite, lead and zinc in China increased by 21.16 million tons, 650 million tons, 19.19 million tons and 31.19 million tons respectively. Compared with 2005, it increased by 22.9%, 39.4%, 41.2% and 25.7% respectively. In 2011, the output of six non-ferrous metal concentrates of copper, lead, zinc, nickel, tin and antimony reached 8.25 million tons, an increase of 18% year-on-year, almost double the average annual growth rate during the 11th Five-Year Plan period. "China's large minerals are highly dependent on foreign countries. The most used non-ferrous metal mines are the most used lead, zinc, copper and aluminum." Zhang Hongtao, the former chief of the State Council and the former chief engineer of the Ministry of Land and Resources, compared minerals to food. "Now is the staple food." There are many MSGs, but you can't eat staple foods. It is said that China's rare earth, tungsten, tin, molybdenum, niobium, vanadium, titanium and other mineral resources are among the highest in the world, but the main metals. The per capita reserves of minerals are less than a quarter of the world's, and the per capita reserves of copper and aluminum are 1/6 and 1/9 of the global per capita level, respectively. China's bauxite has been relying heavily on imports. According to the China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association, in 2011, China's aluminum dependence on foreign countries reached 47%, and imported bauxite was 44.85 million tons, of which 80% came from Southeast Asian countries such as Indonesia. On May 6 this year, Indonesia announced that 14 minerals, including bauxite, could not be exported as raw materials, but mining companies with mining licenses are still exportable – provided that up to 20% of export taxes are payable until 2014. Exports will be completely banned in the year. Chinalco (601600.SH, 02600.HK), China's largest producer of alumina and primary aluminum, immediately decided to implement flexible production in Shandong, Henan and Zhongzhou branches, with a capacity of 1.7 million tons of compressed alumina. This figure accounts for about 15% of Chinalco's 2011 alumina production. Alumina is the main raw material for the production of electrolytic aluminum. Some downstream aluminum producers complained to reporters that alumina prices may have been raised, which puts enormous pressure on them. According to the US Geological Survey, the global bauxite reserves in 2010 were 29 billion tons, of which China's 830 million tons, accounting for only 3% of global reserves. Some experts believe that China's non-ferrous metal industry has the traditional concept of “re-smelting light minesâ€, but non-ferrous enterprises can basically be counted as mining enterprises. Its basic competitiveness is to retain mineral resources, especially advantageous resources. However, with the increase in the mining intensity of non-ferrous metals, the trend of the decline in the ratio of reserves to mining is becoming more apparent. The reserve-production ratio, also known as the recovery rate or the recovery ratio, refers to the number of years remaining at the end of the year divided by the current year's output, and the remaining reserves are still available for mining at the current production level. According to the research data of the China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association, in the bulk minerals, the domestic copper storage ratio was 9.5 in 2010, down 20.3 from 29.8 in 2003; the bauxite storage-production ratio was 16.9, down 15.9 from 32.8 in 2003. Even the rare metal mines with abundant reserves are not optimistic. In 2010, the domestic storage ratio of tungsten was 7.7, which was 12.2 lower than the 19.9 in 2003. The storage-production ratio of 锑 was 3.9, which was 1.1 lower than that of 2003. An optimistic view is that China's shortage of non-ferrous metals resources are mostly easier to recycle, such as copper, aluminum, lead, and zinc. Most of the metals that are difficult to recycle are rich in China's reserves. Chen Quanxun said, "Our slogan is very loud, but the recycling rate of non-ferrous metals accounts for 20% to 25% of consumption, compared with foreign countries, but people are more than 50%." Some experts predict that 2025 will be China's resource demand. At the peak, the resource situation will be even more severe.
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