The use of pesticides will strive for zero growth in 2020

On July 22nd, Premier Li Keqiang presided over the executive meeting of the State Council to deploy and accelerate the transformation of agricultural development methods and take the road of safe and efficient green development.

The meeting proposed that we must improve the level of food security by transforming medium and low-yielding fields, increase effective irrigation areas, promote various forms of moderate-scale operations, cultivate new types of business entities, extend value chains, and strengthen agricultural science and technology support. We must vigorously develop water-saving agriculture, strengthen the utilization of livestock and poultry excrement, straw, agricultural film, and agricultural non-point source pollution, and strive to achieve zero growth in the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides by 2020, improve the quality of agricultural products, and provide food safety Source protection. According to the Ministry of Agriculture, China will adopt a series of measures to vigorously develop modern eco-circulation agriculture, and make breakthroughs in solving issues such as solving internal pollution in agricultural production units and forming multiple participation mechanisms for environmental protection of agricultural resources.

Agricultural resources and environmental issues highlighted

At present, China's agriculture is facing outstanding resource and environmental problems. On the one hand, the lack of land and water, the declining quality of cultivated land, and increasingly tight resource constraints; on the other hand, extensive agricultural production methods, excessive consumption of inputs, low resource utilization, and severe environmental pollution problems.

The data shows that about 4.8 million mu of arable land is occupied each year by the country's newly-added construction land. The resources of the cultivated layer of the occupied farmland are wasted, and the quality of farmland supplemented by the balance of compensation is generally not high. Problems such as the decline in the quality of cultivated land, the thinning of the black soil layer, the acidification of the soil, and the shallowing of the tillage layer have all begun to take place. The area of ​​soil erosion in the country reached 2.95 million square kilometers, and the annual average soil erosion amounted to 4.5 billion tons.

Compared with the average level of the developed countries, the effective utilization coefficient of irrigation water in China is lower by 0.2, and over-exploitation of groundwater in North China is serious.

Over-exploitation of agricultural resources, overuse of agricultural inputs, over-exploitation of groundwater, and internal and external sources of agricultural pollution have hindered the development of modern agriculture. In addition to serious constraints on water and land resources, industrial pollution also affects the development of modern agriculture.

According to the National Plan for Sustainable Agricultural Development (2015-2030), the external pollution of industrial “three wastes” and urban life has spread to agriculture and rural areas, and heavy metals such as cadmium, mercury, and arsenic have continuously penetrated into the environment of agricultural production sites. The over-standard rate of soil major pollutants was 16.1%.

"For a long time, in order to increase the output of agricultural products, there is a problem of excessive exploitation and utilization of agricultural resources. There is a serious overdraft problem in the ecological environment. There are some places and lands that cannot be planted, water can not be poured, old resources and environmental debts have not been repaid, and new debts have not yet been repaid. It continues to happen.” Han Jun, deputy director of the Central Rural Work Leading Group Office, said earlier that in order to overcome the “red light” of resources, it is necessary to accelerate the establishment of a sustainable agricultural development system, which is a revolution that must be reborn for China’s agriculture. Sexual transformation will shift agricultural development to sustainable development.

Extending the agricultural value chain

According to the requirements of the No. 1 Document of the Central Committee in 2015, as the first industry of agriculture, “successive” has become an important step in the development of the industry.

The executive meeting of the State Council proposed that various types of moderate-scale operations should be promoted, new types of business entities should be cultivated, farmland protection should be strengthened, farmers should be guided in order to transfer contracted land according to law, and the development of large-scale seed production, agricultural product processing and rural service industries should be encouraged to promote production. , processing, logistics, marketing and other integrated development, extending the value chain.

In April this year, Minister of Agriculture Han Changfu stated in an investigation in Shanghai that it is necessary to promote the development of the integration of secondary and tertiary industries, support the development of storage, preservation, and processing of agricultural products, support the development of direct marketing, distribution, and e-commerce, and promote the production of agricultural products. Change the production chain and value chain to allow farmers and businesses to share benefits in a chain.

Jiang Changyun, a researcher at the National Development and Reform Commission’s Institute of Industrial Economics and Technology Economics, believes that the integration of the rural secondary, tertiary, and tertiary industries is based on the integration and cross-reorganization between the rural secondary and tertiary industries, and the extension of the industrial chain, the expansion of industrial scope, and the transformation of industrial functions. Characterization, as a result of industrial development and development methods, through the formation of new technologies, new formats, new business models, driving the integration of resources, elements, technologies, market demand in rural integration and optimization and restructuring, and even the adjustment of the spatial layout of rural industries.

“As in other industries, agriculture also needs to create both ends of the 'smile curve' to make a deep industrial chain and extend the value chain,” said Zhang Hongyu, director of the Department of Economic Management of the Ministry of Agriculture. “This requires the transformation of agricultural operations, production and resource utilization. However, changing the mode of agricultural development must always put food security first, respect the status of agricultural organizations, and promote appropriate scale management of agriculture. This is based on the voluntary basis of farmers, in order to participate in stocks, trusteeship, cooperative management, and other methods. For policy implementation."