China Economic Net Hai December 27 (Reporter Shen Zemin) About three quarters of newly discovered human infectious diseases are zoonoses, and the prevention and control of zoonosis has become a topic of concern for all people. In August this year, the University of Liverpool The scientists showed the results of research on zoonosis during the Shanghai World Expo.
Recently, the Shanghai Animal Disease Control and Prevention Center of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the Shanghai Municipal Veterinary Research Institute have successfully established five kinds of animal and livestock disease detection technologies for rabies, tuberculosis, toxoplasmosis, eperythrozoonosis, and leptospirosis in pets (dogs and cats). The method was compared with the classic method to prove its simplicity, rapidity, high sensitivity and specificity; to develop a rapid diagnostic kit for Toxoplasma gondii; to complete one new veterinary drug application; to apply for two national patents; Epidemiological survey of comorbidities.
The Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences is a national-level scientific research institution specializing in the prevention and control of animal diseases and zoonosis. It has been researching and developing pet diseases for more than 10 years and successfully developed and developed canine coronavirus detection gene chips and canine infectivity. Hepatitis monoclonal antibody, animal-derived food pathogens, high-throughput gene chips, etc.
The Shanghai Animal Disease Control and Prevention Center has always attached great importance to the prevention and control of canine and feline zoonosis. Since 2003, it has collected dog blood for serological investigation of major zoonoses and used imported ELISA reagents to immunize pet dogs. The immune effect after rabies vaccination was evaluated.
In 2006, the two organizations jointly undertook the project of the epidemiological investigation of zoonotic diseases in pets (cats and dogs) and the detection technology of major diseases. Test methods, conduct epidemiological investigations, and ensure public health safety.
Rabies: Rabies virus can infect all warm-blooded animals. Once pets and people become infected, there is almost no survival. The most important thing in controlling the disease is prevention. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of vaccines for immune protection, scientific researchers innovative ideas, the first use of PCR methods to establish animal serum antibody neutralizing antibody ELISA detection method, and the French Synbiotics company ELISA kit compliance rate of 96%. The method is easy to operate and suitable for the detection of a large number of serum samples. It overcomes the disadvantages of traditional methods such as complicated operation, long test cycle, use of live poisons, and risk of scattered poisons. It will provide reliable detection of rabies virus neutralizing antibodies. tool.
The research group conducted an epidemiological investigation of rabies in pet dogs and conducted etiological tests on more than 3,700 dogs with evidence of etiology. The results were all negative; 3679 serum samples were assessed for immune antibodies, and the average positive rate was 91.08%. It shows that the rabies vaccination efficacy of certified dogs is good and can effectively prevent the occurrence and epidemic of Shanghai rabies.
Toxoplasmosis: Toxoplasmosis has great harm to humans and animals, leading to premature birth, miscarriage, and abnormal fetal development. It is one of the leading causes of death in immunocompromised patients (such as AIDS patients). The research team established a set of Nested-PCR RFLP detection technology for Toxoplasma gondii, which can not only greatly improve the sensitivity, but also distinguish between Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora; a rapid diagnostic kit for toxoplasmosis was prepared, with specificity, high sensitivity, and repeatability. Good, quick and simple, without the advantages of equipment, etc., showed excellent performance advantages in the diagnosis and epidemiological investigation of toxoplasmosis at the grassroots level.
The research group monitored the occurrence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in Shanghai pet dogs. A total of 5,351 serum samples were monitored. The average positive rate of infection was 1.89%. The researchers reminded the dog owners that they should effectively prevent the dogs and use insect repellents once a year.
Tuberculosis: Tuberculosis is the disease with the highest mortality rate from infectious diseases caused by a single cause. The number of infected tuberculosis bacteria in the world is about 2 billion. The number of people with tuberculosis in China ranks second in the world, and the number of people infected exceeds 400 million. The research group established a fluorescence quantitative PCR detection technique for the detection of M. tuberculosis in dogs and cats, with good sensitivity and specificity. The coincidence rate with the solid culture method ("gold standard") of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was over 95%. This method significantly shortened tuberculosis. The time of diagnosis will provide convenient means for the census work of tuberculosis in dogs and cats.