Luoyang Jiangtai Technology Co., Ltd. - hollow anchor manufacturers can produce and process various specifications of strength hollow anchor, grouting anchor, self-propelled anchor, prestressed anchor, combined anchor, steel tube, pipe shed, Good quality, welcome new and old customers inquiries 18603793535.
The suspension effect of a suspension effect bolt support is characterized by the fact that the direct roof is relatively thin, and the old roof is more sturdy. The anchor rod suspends the unstable rock formation on the rock stratum in the upper step and consists of anchors. The rod bears the weight of soft rock or dangerous rock to achieve the purpose of stabilizing the roadway. Practice has proved that even if there is no stable rock in the upper part of the tunnel, the anchor can also play a supporting role. For example, in a coal roadway, anchoring bolts in the coal seam can also achieve the purpose of support.
In order to solve the limitations of the suspension theory, a composite beam theory was proposed in the layered strata. The principle of composite beam is applicable to the roadway composed of several layers of small-thickness continuous rock formations in the roof. The principle is that in thin-bedded rock formations where there are no stable rock layers to provide suspension fulcrums, the layered strata can be combined using the pulling force of the anchor rods to form a Composite beam structure support. And the use of the bolt itself to provide a certain degree of shear capacity, to prevent the inter-layer movement, is to prevent stratification under the pressure of the overall bending deformation, showing a combination of state, thereby increasing the bending rigidity and strength of the roof. The main factors that determine the stability of the composite beam are the pre-tension stress of the anchor rod, the strength of the rod body and the nature of the rock formation.
The deceleration effect of the three bolts If the unstable roof rock layer is viewed as a composite beam supported on two gangs, since the bolt anchored on the old roof is the fulcrum, the installation of the bolt is equivalent to an increase. The fulcrum, which reduces the span of the roof, reduces the bending stress and deflection of the roof rock and maintains the stability of the roof. This is the reduction of the effect of the bolt, this set of theory is actually derived from the suspension effect of the bolt.
Fourth, the effect of reinforcing arches If blocks or cracked surrounding rocks cut by criss-crossing weak faces are reinforced with bolts in time, the shear strength of the weak face of the rock mass structure can be improved, and the thickness of the rock around the surrounding rock is limited. The formation of a reinforcement arch can not only maintain its stability, but also prevent the loosening and deformation of its upper wall rock, thereby maintaining the stability of the roadway.
The use of bolt support can play its role of reinforcement arch and suspension, so that the coal and rock bodies in the composite roof are fastened to a so-called “composite beamâ€, thereby improving the bending strength of the roof rock, reducing The probability that each rock layer slips, separates, and falls ensures the stability of the roadway. The bolt support can maintain the integrity and stability of the surrounding rock to the maximum extent, control the development of the deformation, displacement and cracks of the surrounding rock, give full play to the supporting role of the surrounding rock, change the passive support into active support, and effectively improve. Mine support conditions. At the same time, instead of wood support, it not only effectively protected the forest, but also responded to the country's call for energy conservation and emission reduction.
The suspension effect of a suspension effect bolt support is characterized by the fact that the direct roof is relatively thin, and the old roof is more sturdy. The anchor rod suspends the unstable rock formation on the rock stratum in the upper step and consists of anchors. The rod bears the weight of soft rock or dangerous rock to achieve the purpose of stabilizing the roadway. Practice has proved that even if there is no stable rock in the upper part of the tunnel, the anchor can also play a supporting role. For example, in a coal roadway, anchoring bolts in the coal seam can also achieve the purpose of support.
In order to solve the limitations of the suspension theory, a composite beam theory was proposed in the layered strata. The principle of composite beam is applicable to the roadway composed of several layers of small-thickness continuous rock formations in the roof. The principle is that in thin-bedded rock formations where there are no stable rock layers to provide suspension fulcrums, the layered strata can be combined using the pulling force of the anchor rods to form a Composite beam structure support. And the use of the bolt itself to provide a certain degree of shear capacity, to prevent the inter-layer movement, is to prevent stratification under the pressure of the overall bending deformation, showing a combination of state, thereby increasing the bending rigidity and strength of the roof. The main factors that determine the stability of the composite beam are the pre-tension stress of the anchor rod, the strength of the rod body and the nature of the rock formation.
The deceleration effect of the three bolts If the unstable roof rock layer is viewed as a composite beam supported on two gangs, since the bolt anchored on the old roof is the fulcrum, the installation of the bolt is equivalent to an increase. The fulcrum, which reduces the span of the roof, reduces the bending stress and deflection of the roof rock and maintains the stability of the roof. This is the reduction of the effect of the bolt, this set of theory is actually derived from the suspension effect of the bolt.
Fourth, the effect of reinforcing arches If blocks or cracked surrounding rocks cut by criss-crossing weak faces are reinforced with bolts in time, the shear strength of the weak face of the rock mass structure can be improved, and the thickness of the rock around the surrounding rock is limited. The formation of a reinforcement arch can not only maintain its stability, but also prevent the loosening and deformation of its upper wall rock, thereby maintaining the stability of the roadway.
The use of bolt support can play its role of reinforcement arch and suspension, so that the coal and rock bodies in the composite roof are fastened to a so-called “composite beamâ€, thereby improving the bending strength of the roof rock, reducing The probability that each rock layer slips, separates, and falls ensures the stability of the roadway. The bolt support can maintain the integrity and stability of the surrounding rock to the maximum extent, control the development of the deformation, displacement and cracks of the surrounding rock, give full play to the supporting role of the surrounding rock, change the passive support into active support, and effectively improve. Mine support conditions. At the same time, instead of wood support, it not only effectively protected the forest, but also responded to the country's call for energy conservation and emission reduction.
we produce Ferro Calcium Silicon 30000mt/year,we export the material to india,japan,korea,Russia,Europe,America ect.
specification:ca:30%min si:60%min Al:1.5%max C:1%max s:0.05%max P:0.05%max
ca:28%min si:28%min Al:1.5%max C:1%max s:0.05%max P:0.05%max
Calcium Silicon 28/58,Ferro Calcium Silicon Alloy,Calcium Silicon Powder,Customized Calcium Silicon
Shizuishan Ketong Metallurgy Industry And Trade Co., Ltd. , https://www.ketongmetallurgy.com