With the rapid development of the photovoltaic market, the number of domestic photovoltaic power plants has grown exponentially. The current operation of photovoltaic power plants has become a business for various enterprises holding photovoltaic power plant assets to urgently sort out and solve, and its market prospects are broad. According to statistics, the recruitment of power station operation and maintenance personnel is the most fiercely competitive; on the market, many companies have begun to operate the photovoltaic power station operation and maintenance business independently and seek for a customer source that needs maintenance services. Do a professional power station operation and maintenance company how to treat the market trend, how to select the target customers, according to the policy how to choose a reasonable mode of operation, how to recruit personnel, how to manage the operation and maintenance of the business, how to control the cost of electricity, how to improve operating income, these The problem needs to be solved. The following analysis and recommendations from the following six aspects.
1. Application Prospects of Photovoltaic Power Generation System
Photovoltaic power generation system is restricted by technical conditions such as low conversion efficiency of components, unsatisfactory energy storage performance, and unmatched smart grid facilities, which limits the speed and scale of development. Power plant asset holding companies still rely on state subsidies to achieve profitability. In recent years, various sources of capital have gathered in the photovoltaic industry, which has promoted the rapid development of the industry. Along with the favor of financial capital and the participation of institutions in the photovoltaic industry, fierce competition has led to a significant downward trend in component costs, and conversion efficiency has also increased year by year. The investment income level of photovoltaic power systems is on the rise. With the advancement of the country's power reform, the independent development of the power sales business has become possible. This move will promote the development of the distributed power supply market. The distributed photovoltaic power supply system itself is easy to install, maintain, disperse, and dissipate locally. Characteristics, to meet the residents and industrial and commercial power is a good choice, in May 2015 Tesla has launched powerwall home battery and powerpack energy storage system, the promotion of energy storage products on the agenda. With the promotion of policies, cost reductions and technological breakthroughs, distributed has become the trend of photovoltaic development. Distributed will be the main battlefield for the development of photovoltaics in the future, and the application of photovoltaics to distribution will also have a bright future.
2, the customer's choice
The customer base of the PV operation and maintenance business is broadly divided into three categories: photovoltaic-oriented investment-oriented companies, power generation-oriented power production companies, and home-use photovoltaic homeowners. According to the current market situation, the main objective of O&M business contracting is financial-led PV investment companies. Most of these companies invest in PV for capital operations and then go public for financing. Most of the companies have no experience in power generation for operating power plants and experience is scarce. There are technical obstacles to the increase of power generation and troubleshooting of photovoltaic power plants, and the main focus of such companies is on scale expansion and increase in holding assets. There is little attention to the field of power generation operations. Such enterprises have many power stations and need to set up a special operation and maintenance team to manage them. The cost of enterprise management increases. A professional O&M company can rely on operational experience and technical advantages to make up for the shortcomings of investment-oriented companies. It can also help such companies to provide stable cash flow, facilitate listing, and at the same time help these companies save management costs. It is the main customer group of O&M. For power generation-oriented power production companies represented by “Five Big Four Small†(HuaNng, Datang, Huadian, Guodian, China Power Investment, National Investment, Guohua, China Resources, China Guangdong Nuclear), these enterprises are generally located across the country. All of them have large-scale power plants, and they have relatively mature operation and maintenance teams and operating experience. The intervention of the external operations and maintenance business has certain difficulties. With the promotion of distributed photovoltaics, home-use PV homeowners will gradually become the most important customer group. The main demand for such customers is the maintenance of photovoltaic systems, and timely and rapid response will be an important concern for O&M. Such customers will also be an important development direction of the operation and maintenance business.
3, operating mode
At present, the mainstream operating mode in the market is the traditional power plant operation mode, which means contracting the owner’s external operation and maintenance operations. The Party A’s procedural system requires the implementation of power station operation and maintenance services and guarantees the safe and reliable operation of the power plant. In addition, there are various problems in the CMO model, such as the protection of power generation can not be implemented, false reports of general failures, faults can not be dealt with in a timely manner, power station operation and maintenance personnel are difficult to manage, spare parts procurement cycle is long, the procurement process is complex, and transportation The maintenance process has not been effectively implemented, and the owners have difficulty in supervision. The photovoltaic power plant leasing model can well solve the above problems. The power plant leasing party can sign the leasing contract with the owner after the research and evaluation of the power station and the system test. The leasing party pays the rent to the owner, and the asset owner can obtain stability. Cash flow protection can also reduce the management cost and time cost caused by the separate formation of the operation and maintenance team. The operation and maintenance of the power station is managed by a professional operation and maintenance company. The operation and maintenance company implements safety and management responsibilities. In addition to ensuring the power generated by the contracted rent, it also actively controls the operation and maintenance costs and increases the amount of super power generation to obtain more revenue.
Before the rental and operation of the power station, O&M shall fully investigate the power station, be familiar with the local electricity price subsidy policy, understand the local light resource situation and the local power grid situation and requirements, conduct reliability test of the power generation system, conduct overall assessment and efficiency analysis of the power station, and Historical operational data is analyzed and the areas that can be improved and optimized are identified. During the signing of the contract, attention should be paid to the clear responsibility of the company with the owner company, clarifying the responsibilities and obligations of the two parties, sorting out the asset list of the power station, borrowing the as-built drawings, important equipment parameter list, network equipment list, operation and maintenance records, product information and instructions, local The approval opinions of the government and the power grid, completing the changes to the power grid dispatching agreement, requesting the power station operation history data and providing all the operational data to the owner at the expiration of the lease, specifying the scope and precautions of the spare parts purchase and technical renovation, and the payment methods Cycle, damages and scope of liability and amount, signing of confidentiality agreement.
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