Imagine talking to a person a hundred feet away in a noisy crowd without using a mobile phone or sitting in a cheap seat in the back corner of the concert hall, but everything you hear is the same as in the front and center audience. Researchers at the University of Sussex and the University of Bristol are working on manipulating sound in the same way as optical lenses by using "acoustic metamaterials."
The research team showed the first dynamic metamaterial device whose zoom target is a zoom lens for sound, called "Vari-sound". The research team also built a collimator (a device that produces parallel beams or radiation) that can emit sound in the form of a narrow directional beam from a standard speaker. Acoustic collimators can be used for individuals in the crowd scene described above, or to direct the signal to the aisle of a movie theater to prevent people from sitting on the aisle steps.
Dr. Gianluca Memoli, who is responsible for this research at the University of Sussex, said that acoustic metamaterials are ordinary materials such as plastic, paper, wood or rubber, but have been carefully designed so that their internal geometric shapes can shape sound. The concept of acoustic lenses has been around since the 1960s, and acoustic holograms have begun to appear in ultrasound applications, but this is the first time that sound systems with practically sized lenses have been explored, similar to lenses used for light.
The research team saw numerous opportunities for this technology. From the use of acoustic lenses as highly focused directional microphones to the precise positioning of fatigue in fragile mechanical parts, distinguish between thieves who break glass doors and pets that whisper outside. Personal assistant devices (such as Amazon Echo) can also use the technology to focus on commands issued from specific locations within the house, making them less sensitive to background noise. In short, the potential benefits of this technology in home entertainment, public communications, security, manufacturing and even the health industry are huge.
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