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Magnetic bearing
Source: Bearing network time: 2014-04-01
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The commonly used bearings are touch ball bearings; the conflict problem cannot be prevented; the conflicting force not only loses energy and parts; it also generates heat; the parts are deformed due to temperature rise; affecting accuracy; and even damage the entire equipment. The higher the speed The more difficult the problem is; generally cooperate with appropriate smoothness to reduce the conflict coefficient; to improve the problem; but; smoothness will cause pollution problems; not conducive to environmental protection, to deal with conflict problems; support the rotor through non-touch method is the future direction Only in this way can the machine be prevented from being touched by each other;
There are three main types of non-touch bearings; one is air bearing; the defect is that the accuracy is poor when the load is large; it is difficult to control; and the rigidity is unsatisfactory; the acceptable force is better than that of the 僬撸 僬撸 僬撸 匦氪钆湟豢 匦氪钆湟豢 锲 欢 欢 欢 欢The second type is fluid bearing; the rigidity is high, the load is acceptable; the cost is not high; but the fluid damping is not. The non-touch bearing that develops potential is a magnetic bearing; it is based on the principle of magnetic force; the magnetic buoyancy generated by magnetic field induction; the shaft is suspended; so that the rotor and the bearing do not touch each other.
Since ancient times, the use of magnetic buoyancy has enabled an object to be suspended; it has always been a human desire; but it has not been simply completed. In fact, as early as 1842, it was proposed that a permanent magnet or a fixed-current electromagnet should be used alone; no matter how it is equipped; A magnetically permeable object is suspended in midair safely; it must be controlled before it can work safely. It was not until 1937 that the University of Virginia first produced an automatic magnetic bearing; the vertical axis centrifugal separator rotor was successfully Suspended; despite this; the study of magnetic bearings is slow; mainly because the early control theory and skills of hardware and software are not complete; plus the need for high speed is not intense; until nearly 20 years; because of control theory and electronic skills The development is becoming more and more sophisticated; and the need for high-speed is becoming stronger; making the development of associations more and more prosperous.
Compared with other bearings; magnetic bearings have many advantages, first and foremost; it has no rotational resistance; the rotation speed of the rotor can be much higher than other bearings. Second; no need for messy smooth system or pneumatic system; can save space. Long life cycle; low repair cost. Fourth; can prevent noise caused by conflict. Fifth; can be applied to special working environment such as very low temperature or high vacuum; such as outer space. sixth; Control the stiffness required for the supply; and it is useful for the oscillation problem caused by high speed operation.
Because of these strengths; magnetic bearings have been used in many fields: in commercial use; there are generators, turbo compressors, high-speed centrifuges, ultra-vacuum pump systems, flywheel energy storage systems and magnetic floating micro-motor systems, etc. In terms of machine tools; there are already high-speed cutting machines, grinding machines and fine machining tools, in the transportation system; there are maglev trains in biomedical engineering; magnetic bearings have been used in artificial heart or ventricular assists in aerospace engineering There are space telescopes, spacecraft for maneuvering satellite attitude control and wind tunnel test. In the future, there will be research and use of energy storage equipment for electric steam locomotives and energy conversion between energy storage systems.
At present, the development of magnetic bearing is faced with some bottlenecks. The first is how to lower the price of magnetic bearing. The current magnetic bearing is the most criticized because the price is too expensive. Therefore, the traditional bearing still occupies most of the city. Yun. The second bottleneck is how to systematically describe the magnetic bearing. Finally, the ultimate characteristics of the magnetic bearing are also worth paying attention to. If you can overcome these bottlenecks; high speed will be easily achieved; in addition to industrial use; magnetic bearings will also Will be used in various fields.
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