Glass Fiber Grating Construction Method
1. Preparation of the Pavement Surface
The effectiveness of the glass fiber grating is highly dependent on the condition of the road surface before installation. All materials that could interfere with the bonding between the grid and the base layer—such as oil, paint, sealant, water stains, dirt, and debris—must be thoroughly removed. The surface should be clean, dry, and free from any contaminants. The adhesive backing of the glass fiber grille is water-soluble, so it's crucial to ensure the road is completely dry before laying. An adhesive layer, such as emulsified asphalt, should be applied first. If using emulsified asphalt, the grating should only be placed after the emulsion has fully broken down and dried.
2. Laying and Fixing the Glass Fiber Grating
The glass fiber grating can be installed using modified tractors or manually. Each roll of the grating has orange and blue markings at both ends. Before starting, the adhesive side should be facing down, and the color of the marking at one end should be determined to avoid confusion during installation. When placing the grating, it must be laid flat, tight, and without wrinkles to maintain proper tension. After installation, a steel wheel roller should be used to compact the surface.
Currently, there are two main types of glass fiber gratings: self-adhesive and non-self-adhesive. Self-adhesive versions can be directly applied to a flat surface, often secured using nails. In some projects, like the Ningtong Highway in Yangzhou and Nanjing, non-self-adhesive gratings were used. For fixing, the following materials are typically required:
- 150×50×0.3mm flat iron sheets, with chamfered edges and no warping.
- 2-inch steel nails.
When using the nail-fixing method, the iron sheet and nail are first fixed onto the prepared base layer. The steel nail is then driven into place. The grating is stretched and fixed section by section, with each segment measuring 2–5 meters. It can also be segmented according to the stitching pattern, with the nail positioned at the seams. During tensioning, the glass fiber should be straight and taut in both directions.
The overlap of the grating should be at least 20 cm longitudinally and 15 cm transversely. The longitudinal overlap should follow the direction of asphalt paving. Steel nails must not be driven directly into the glass fiber, nor should the grating be struck with a hammer. If a nail breaks or an iron sheet becomes loose, it must be re-fixed. After installation, the grating should be rolled with a rubber roller to ensure strong adhesion to the existing surface.
In practice, some contractors apply the adhesive oil directly, lay the grating, and compact it with a roller. This method has proven effective, reducing the risk of wave-like deformation in the grating.
3. Construction Precautions
(1) Strict control over vehicle movement is necessary. Vehicles should avoid slamming, sudden braking, or spilling material onto the grating to prevent damage.
(2) Since the backside of the grating is water-soluble, construction should not take place on rainy days or when the road is wet.
(3) Glass fibers can irritate the skin, so workers must wear gloves during installation.
(4) When using a water-filled rubber roller for compaction, care must be taken not to overfill it, as excess water may leak onto the grating and reduce its adhesive properties.
(5) If small potholes are found on the original pavement, the corresponding area of the grating can be cut out, and asphalt can be mixed and filled later.
(6) The temperature during installation should be between 5°C and 60°C.
4. Conclusion
(1) There are various types of glass fiber gratings used for reinforcing asphalt pavements in China, but there is currently no clear standard for their specifications, testing methods, or performance requirements. It is essential to develop suitable product standards tailored to China’s conditions.
(2) Using glass fiber grids in asphalt concrete pavements significantly improves structural performance, although the exact mechanisms behind this improvement require further research.
(3) On the Ningtong Highway from Liuhe East to Yangzhou, the use of glass fiber grids in old cement concrete pavement renovation has shown promising results so far. However, the long-term effectiveness in preventing reflective cracks remains to be observed.
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