Recently, the Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences announced the development of new lithium-air battery key materials and battery research. According to Huageng, the lack of energy in batteries has severely constrained the development of electric vehicles. Lithium-air secondary batteries have a theoretical specific energy that is 1 to 2 orders of magnitude higher than that of existing lithium-ion batteries, and are the types of batteries that can replace gasoline most. They have become the star of electric vehicles. However, due to the serious shortage of electrolyte and air electrode performance, existing lithium-air batteries have problems that require low energy conversion efficiency, poor rate performance, and short cycle life.
Under the strong support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Ministry of Science and Technology, and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the research team led by Zhang Xinbo, a researcher at the Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, has made a series of important advances in lithium-air battery research.
The team successfully suppressed the cycle life of lithium-air batteries from the current literature by suppressing the decomposition of lithium-air battery electrolytes, regulating air-electrode solid-liquid-gas three-phase interfaces, and optimizing lithium-air secondary battery systems and structures. 100 times to 500 times. The results were published in Adv. Funct. Mater. 2012, 22, 3699–3705; Chem. Commun., 2012, 48, 6948–6950; Chem. Commun., 2012, 48, 11674–11676; Chem. Commun., 2012 , 48, 7598-7600.
For the current lithium-air battery electrolyte solution in the battery reaction have different degrees of decomposition, resulting in the production of irreversible products and their own consumption, severely limiting the cycle life of the battery problem, the team based on the existing electrolyte decomposition mechanism It is recognized that the first use of sulfoxide (DMSO) and sulfone (TMS) in lithium-air secondary batteries effectively promotes the formation of lithium peroxide (Li2O2), a reversible discharge product, and reduces side reactions; through detailed examination of air electrode pairs The effect of lithium-air battery performance, found that the air electrode catalyst catalysis efficiency is low, for lithium peroxide and other insoluble discharge products storage and reactant transport pore structure is not reasonable, poor conductivity is a key factor in the performance of lithium-air battery. Based on this, the team first proposed the concept of a graphene integrated air electrode and succeeded in constructing a three-dimensional porous graphene in a foamed nickel matrix. The high conductivity of foamed nickel combined with the appropriate pore structure of porous graphene allows the prepared lithium-air battery to exhibit excellent rate performance; in addition, the excellent electrocatalysis of the rare-earth perovskite-type composite oxide is achieved by utilizing and exerting The performance effectively reduces the charge/discharge overpotential of the lithium-air battery, further greatly improving the energy conversion efficiency and rate performance.
Based on the above research results, in order to make lithium-air batteries truly applicable to electric vehicles and renewable energy such as solar energy and wind energy, the team also designed and optimized lithium-air secondary battery systems and structures for the first time. Developed lithium-air secondary battery packs that are practical and have independent intellectual property rights.
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