Biological pesticides are known for their low residue levels, which makes them ideal for the production of green agricultural products, especially those certified as AA-grade. However, due to the variety of biological pesticides available, each has its own unique characteristics. Proper application is essential to maximize their effectiveness and achieve the desired results.
1. Rotenone, also known as Shi Lvbao, is a natural insecticide with contact and stomach toxicity. It is safe for beneficial insects and has a broad spectrum of activity against pests such as Lepidoptera, Hemiptera, and Coleoptera. For example, it can be used at a dilution of 400-600 times with a 2.5% emulsifiable concentrate to control aphids effectively.
2. Avermectin, commonly referred to as Qiqisu or Ai Fuding, is a new generation of antibiotic-based biological insecticide. It has both contact and stomach toxicity and is effective against a wide range of pests, including pear hibiscus, mites, whiteflies, and heartworms. A typical application involves diluting it 4500-5000 times for optimal results.
3. Chlorinated oxime, also known as rice bran, works by disrupting the molting process of larvae, leading to dehydration and starvation. It is widely used to control pests like P. sinensis, apple leaf roller moths, grape leaf roller moths, pine caterpillars, and American white moths.
4. Wu Da Oasis No. 1 is a virus-based insecticide that targets the fat cells and midgut nucleus of pests, causing rapid replication and death. It is particularly effective against lepidopteran pests and should be applied during the peak egg-laying period for best results.
5. Yanbaisu is a mixture containing nicotine, ketone, and alizarin, offering strong contact and stomach toxicity. It is effective against Lepidoptera, Diptera, and Hemiptera, including aphids, red spiders, and scale insects. A common use is a 1.1% emulsifiable concentrate diluted 1000 times, applied every 7-10 days, up to 2-3 times.
6. Saponin Nicotine is a broad-spectrum insecticide made from saponin and nicotine, known for its rain resistance. It is effective against red spiders and scale insects. For scale insect control, a 27% solution diluted 300 times is recommended, applied every 5-7 days, up to 2-3 times.
7. Chitin-based products, such as "A Strong," form a protective film on plant surfaces, preventing bacterial invasion. A 2% solution diluted 600-800 times is typically used during fruit formation to protect fruits and enhance sugar content. Black Star 21, another chitin product, helps induce resistance and improve fruit quality, often used at 400-600 times dilution for diseases like fruit tree scab.
8. Asimida is a bactericidal agent that inhibits mitochondrial respiration in bacteria, leading to cell death. It is effective against various fungal and bacterial diseases, including pear scab, black spot, and grape downy mildew. A 25% solution diluted 500-800 times is commonly used for pear black spot disease.
9. Polyoxygenate, also known as Bao Li'an or Dox's bacteria, is a broad-spectrum nucleoside antibiotic. It is effective against diseases such as grape black bean disease, gray mold, and powdery mildew. A 3% solution diluted 600-900 times is typically applied every 7 days, up to 12 times.
10. Kejiakang, also known as mesomycin, is highly effective against bacterial and some fungal diseases. It is used to control grape anthracnose, apple ring disease, and other similar conditions. A 3% gram bacterium solution diluted 1000-1200 times is usually applied early in the disease cycle, with 3-4 applications required.
11. Root Complex, also known as Root Rot 110, is used to control root rot in fruit trees and promote healthy root development. During transplanting, it is diluted 800 times, while during the growing season, a 500-600 times dilution is used, with 200-300 ml per plant.
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