1 Introduction
Advanced Manufacturing Technology (AMT) is a manufacturing industry that continuously absorbs mechanical, electronic, information (computer and communication, control theory, artificial intelligence, etc.), energy and modern system management, and applies it to product design. , manufacturing, testing, management, sales, use, service and recycling, in order to achieve high quality, high efficiency, low consumption, clean and flexible production, improve the adaptability and competitiveness of the dynamic and variable product market manufacturing technology General name. It integrates the achievements of modern science and technology and industrial innovation, making full use of information technology to bring manufacturing technology to a new level. Advanced manufacturing technology is one of the important basic technologies for the development of the national economy and plays a decisive role in the development of China's manufacturing industry.
2 Introduction to Advanced Manufacturing Technology
2.1 Architecture of advanced manufacturing technology
At present, the understanding of the architecture of advanced manufacturing technology is not uniform. There are two main types of comparison:
One is the architecture of the United States Federal Council for Science, Engineering and Technology Coordination in 1994. It divides advanced manufacturing technology into three technical groups, namely: 1 main technology group; 2 supporting technology group; 3 management technology group.
The other is a system of advanced manufacturing technologies proposed by the American Academy of Mechanical Sciences (AMST) consisting of a multi-level technology group. It emphasizes the development process from basic manufacturing technology, new manufacturing cell technology to advanced manufacturing integration technology.
2.2 Classification of advanced manufacturing technologies
(1) Modern design technology, modern design technology is based on product functional requirements, applying modern technology and scientific knowledge, formulating plans and putting the solution into practice. It is a comprehensive and comprehensive technology that is multidisciplinary and multi-disciplinary. Modern design techniques mainly include: modern design methods, design automation technology, industrial design technology.
(2) Advanced manufacturing technology, modern manufacturing technology mainly includes precision and ultra-precision processing technology, precision molding technology, special processing technology, surface modification, molding and coating technology.
(3) Automation technology automation technology includes numerical control technology, industrial robot technology, flexible manufacturing technology, computer integrated manufacturing technology, sensing technology, automatic detection and signal recognition technology, and process equipment monitoring and control technology.
(4) System management technology System management technology includes engineering management, quality management, management information system, etc., as well as modern manufacturing models (such as lean production, CIMS, agile manufacturing, intelligent manufacturing, etc.), integrated management technology, organizational structure and Production organization methods such as virtual companies.
2.3 Characteristics of advanced manufacturing technology
The most important feature of advanced manufacturing technology is that it is a new technology that is highly practical for industrial applications. Compared with traditional manufacturing technology, advanced manufacturing technology is more systematic, integrated, extensive, and highly accurate. Although advanced manufacturing technology is still widely used in the processing and assembly process, it also applies design technology, automation technology, and system management technology in its manufacturing process. Advanced manufacturing technology pays more attention to the combination of technology and management than traditional manufacturing technology, pays more attention to the simplification and rationalization of the manufacturing process organization and management system, thus producing a series of advanced manufacturing modes, and can achieve high quality, high efficiency, low consumption and cleanliness. Flexible production.
3 Development status of China's advanced manufacturing technology
(1) In terms of design, computer-aided design (CAD) technology is popularized. Computer-aided design (CAD) technology is an important part of electronic information technology. It promotes the development and transformation of scientific research results, promotes the renewal and transformation of traditional industries and disciplines, realizes design automation, and enhances the competition of enterprises and their products in the market. Capabilities, a key high-tech that accelerates national economic development and national defense modernization, is also an important technical basis for further development of Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIMS). The wide application of CAD technology has improved the overall design level and product development capability of Chinese enterprises. Focusing on 2D CAD and product data management, it is fully utilized in the software market and enterprise applications.
(2) In terms of application, various high-tech developments have developed rapidly and achieved remarkable results. Mainly in the following aspects: rapid prototyping technology from maturity to maturity, application has begun to take shape; precision forming and processing technology level has been significantly improved, widely used in automotive parts, major assembly manufacturing; thermal processing simulation The optimization technology has made important progress, making the material thermal processing from "technique" to "scientific"; laser processing has made substantial progress in basic research and technology development, industrial application has obtained economic benefits; numerical control technology has made important progress, and domestic market share has Improvement; fieldbus intelligent instrument research and development has made important progress, application has a certain foundation; modern integrated manufacturing system research and application breakthrough, has a place in the international.
(3) In terms of management, the research and practice of the new production mode has its characteristics, which promotes the technological progress and management modernization of China's manufacturing industry. Through the study and introduction of advanced management experience in industrialized countries, the use of computer management, emphasis on organizational and management systems, the development of production models, the introduction of just-in-time production (JIT), agile manufacturing (AM), lean production (LP), concurrent engineering New management ideas and technologies such as (CE) have significantly improved the operating efficiency of enterprises by streamlining institutions, reducing management levels and eliminating various waste phenomena.
4 Trends in advanced manufacturing technology
4.1 Informationization
Informatization is the growth point of the development of manufacturing technology, and information technology is developing at a speed that is unimaginable.
4.2 Precision
Modern high-tech products require high-precision manufacturing, and the development of society puts higher and higher requirements on the quality of mechanical products. This determines the development of precision machining, ultra-precision machining technology is a focus of the future of machinery manufacturing.
4.3 Integration
The direction of modern manufacturing is not just computer integration, information integration, but the overall integration of people, technology, and organization, including functional integration, organizational integration, information integration, process integration, knowledge integration, and integration between enterprises.
4.4 Flexibility
Flexibility not only refers to the flexibility of the manufacturing technology of enterprises, but also the flexibility of production methods and the flexibility of management models.
4.5 Dynamic
Since advanced manufacturing technology itself is aimed at certain application goals and constantly absorbs new technologies that are gradually formed and continuously developed by various high-paying technologies, its connotation is not absolute and static.
4.6 Virtualization
Virtualization refers to the simulation, modeling and analysis of the performance of products, processes and the entire enterprise in a computer, the generation of soft product prototypes in a virtual manufacturing environment, testing instead of traditional hard samples, performance and manufacturability Forecasting and evaluation, thus shortening the design and manufacturing cycle of products, reducing the development cost of products, and improving the responsiveness to market changes.
4.7 Intelligent
Intelligent manufacturing refers to the comprehensive utilization of various disciplines, various advanced technologies and methods to solve and deal with various problems in the manufacturing system. The system can understand the designer's intentions, be able to detect mistakes, answer questions, and propose proposals.
4.8 Green
Green manufacturing technology refers to a modern manufacturing model that takes into account environmental impacts and resource utilization under the premise of ensuring the function, quality and cost of products.
4.9 Rapidization
Rapidization refers to rapid response to the market and rapid restructuring of production. It requires a high degree of flexibility and agility in the production model. Rapidization can strongly promote the progress and development of manufacturing technology. It is the "power" for the development of advanced manufacturing technology.
4.10 Globalization
The competition of advanced manufacturing technology is leading to the reorganization of the manufacturing industry on a global scale. New manufacturing models are constantly emerging, and more emphasis is placed on achieving high quality, efficient, clean and flexible production.
5 Conclusion
Manufacturing is the foundation of the national economy and comprehensive national strength, and is called the "foundation of the country." After decades of development, China's manufacturing industry has made great progress. However, there is still a big gap compared with advanced countries. Mainly manifested in: relatively insufficient technical input, weak original technology foundation and research and development capabilities, backward manufacturing products, low technical level, low information content, slow replacement, and relatively backward marketing, management, and talent quality. Competitive ability and other aspects. Faced with such a situation, we must pay attention to the cultivation of scientific and technological talents, vigorously develop research on high and new technology, strengthen the Construction of policies and regulations, and establish and develop China's independent manufacturing automation unit technologies such as NC, CAD/CAM, FMS, CIMS, and IMS. Improve the modern management level of the manufacturing industry and develop a production model that adapts to China's national conditions. Efforts will be made to narrow the gap between China and advanced countries, so that China's manufacturing industry will be ranked first in the world.
Advanced Manufacturing Technology (AMT) is a manufacturing industry that continuously absorbs mechanical, electronic, information (computer and communication, control theory, artificial intelligence, etc.), energy and modern system management, and applies it to product design. , manufacturing, testing, management, sales, use, service and recycling, in order to achieve high quality, high efficiency, low consumption, clean and flexible production, improve the adaptability and competitiveness of the dynamic and variable product market manufacturing technology General name. It integrates the achievements of modern science and technology and industrial innovation, making full use of information technology to bring manufacturing technology to a new level. Advanced manufacturing technology is one of the important basic technologies for the development of the national economy and plays a decisive role in the development of China's manufacturing industry.
2 Introduction to Advanced Manufacturing Technology
2.1 Architecture of advanced manufacturing technology
At present, the understanding of the architecture of advanced manufacturing technology is not uniform. There are two main types of comparison:
One is the architecture of the United States Federal Council for Science, Engineering and Technology Coordination in 1994. It divides advanced manufacturing technology into three technical groups, namely: 1 main technology group; 2 supporting technology group; 3 management technology group.
The other is a system of advanced manufacturing technologies proposed by the American Academy of Mechanical Sciences (AMST) consisting of a multi-level technology group. It emphasizes the development process from basic manufacturing technology, new manufacturing cell technology to advanced manufacturing integration technology.
2.2 Classification of advanced manufacturing technologies
(1) Modern design technology, modern design technology is based on product functional requirements, applying modern technology and scientific knowledge, formulating plans and putting the solution into practice. It is a comprehensive and comprehensive technology that is multidisciplinary and multi-disciplinary. Modern design techniques mainly include: modern design methods, design automation technology, industrial design technology.
(2) Advanced manufacturing technology, modern manufacturing technology mainly includes precision and ultra-precision processing technology, precision molding technology, special processing technology, surface modification, molding and coating technology.
(3) Automation technology automation technology includes numerical control technology, industrial robot technology, flexible manufacturing technology, computer integrated manufacturing technology, sensing technology, automatic detection and signal recognition technology, and process equipment monitoring and control technology.
(4) System management technology System management technology includes engineering management, quality management, management information system, etc., as well as modern manufacturing models (such as lean production, CIMS, agile manufacturing, intelligent manufacturing, etc.), integrated management technology, organizational structure and Production organization methods such as virtual companies.
2.3 Characteristics of advanced manufacturing technology
The most important feature of advanced manufacturing technology is that it is a new technology that is highly practical for industrial applications. Compared with traditional manufacturing technology, advanced manufacturing technology is more systematic, integrated, extensive, and highly accurate. Although advanced manufacturing technology is still widely used in the processing and assembly process, it also applies design technology, automation technology, and system management technology in its manufacturing process. Advanced manufacturing technology pays more attention to the combination of technology and management than traditional manufacturing technology, pays more attention to the simplification and rationalization of the manufacturing process organization and management system, thus producing a series of advanced manufacturing modes, and can achieve high quality, high efficiency, low consumption and cleanliness. Flexible production.
3 Development status of China's advanced manufacturing technology
(1) In terms of design, computer-aided design (CAD) technology is popularized. Computer-aided design (CAD) technology is an important part of electronic information technology. It promotes the development and transformation of scientific research results, promotes the renewal and transformation of traditional industries and disciplines, realizes design automation, and enhances the competition of enterprises and their products in the market. Capabilities, a key high-tech that accelerates national economic development and national defense modernization, is also an important technical basis for further development of Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIMS). The wide application of CAD technology has improved the overall design level and product development capability of Chinese enterprises. Focusing on 2D CAD and product data management, it is fully utilized in the software market and enterprise applications.
(2) In terms of application, various high-tech developments have developed rapidly and achieved remarkable results. Mainly in the following aspects: rapid prototyping technology from maturity to maturity, application has begun to take shape; precision forming and processing technology level has been significantly improved, widely used in automotive parts, major assembly manufacturing; thermal processing simulation The optimization technology has made important progress, making the material thermal processing from "technique" to "scientific"; laser processing has made substantial progress in basic research and technology development, industrial application has obtained economic benefits; numerical control technology has made important progress, and domestic market share has Improvement; fieldbus intelligent instrument research and development has made important progress, application has a certain foundation; modern integrated manufacturing system research and application breakthrough, has a place in the international.
(3) In terms of management, the research and practice of the new production mode has its characteristics, which promotes the technological progress and management modernization of China's manufacturing industry. Through the study and introduction of advanced management experience in industrialized countries, the use of computer management, emphasis on organizational and management systems, the development of production models, the introduction of just-in-time production (JIT), agile manufacturing (AM), lean production (LP), concurrent engineering New management ideas and technologies such as (CE) have significantly improved the operating efficiency of enterprises by streamlining institutions, reducing management levels and eliminating various waste phenomena.
4 Trends in advanced manufacturing technology
4.1 Informationization
Informatization is the growth point of the development of manufacturing technology, and information technology is developing at a speed that is unimaginable.
4.2 Precision
Modern high-tech products require high-precision manufacturing, and the development of society puts higher and higher requirements on the quality of mechanical products. This determines the development of precision machining, ultra-precision machining technology is a focus of the future of machinery manufacturing.
4.3 Integration
The direction of modern manufacturing is not just computer integration, information integration, but the overall integration of people, technology, and organization, including functional integration, organizational integration, information integration, process integration, knowledge integration, and integration between enterprises.
4.4 Flexibility
Flexibility not only refers to the flexibility of the manufacturing technology of enterprises, but also the flexibility of production methods and the flexibility of management models.
4.5 Dynamic
Since advanced manufacturing technology itself is aimed at certain application goals and constantly absorbs new technologies that are gradually formed and continuously developed by various high-paying technologies, its connotation is not absolute and static.
4.6 Virtualization
Virtualization refers to the simulation, modeling and analysis of the performance of products, processes and the entire enterprise in a computer, the generation of soft product prototypes in a virtual manufacturing environment, testing instead of traditional hard samples, performance and manufacturability Forecasting and evaluation, thus shortening the design and manufacturing cycle of products, reducing the development cost of products, and improving the responsiveness to market changes.
4.7 Intelligent
Intelligent manufacturing refers to the comprehensive utilization of various disciplines, various advanced technologies and methods to solve and deal with various problems in the manufacturing system. The system can understand the designer's intentions, be able to detect mistakes, answer questions, and propose proposals.
4.8 Green
Green manufacturing technology refers to a modern manufacturing model that takes into account environmental impacts and resource utilization under the premise of ensuring the function, quality and cost of products.
4.9 Rapidization
Rapidization refers to rapid response to the market and rapid restructuring of production. It requires a high degree of flexibility and agility in the production model. Rapidization can strongly promote the progress and development of manufacturing technology. It is the "power" for the development of advanced manufacturing technology.
4.10 Globalization
The competition of advanced manufacturing technology is leading to the reorganization of the manufacturing industry on a global scale. New manufacturing models are constantly emerging, and more emphasis is placed on achieving high quality, efficient, clean and flexible production.
5 Conclusion
Manufacturing is the foundation of the national economy and comprehensive national strength, and is called the "foundation of the country." After decades of development, China's manufacturing industry has made great progress. However, there is still a big gap compared with advanced countries. Mainly manifested in: relatively insufficient technical input, weak original technology foundation and research and development capabilities, backward manufacturing products, low technical level, low information content, slow replacement, and relatively backward marketing, management, and talent quality. Competitive ability and other aspects. Faced with such a situation, we must pay attention to the cultivation of scientific and technological talents, vigorously develop research on high and new technology, strengthen the Construction of policies and regulations, and establish and develop China's independent manufacturing automation unit technologies such as NC, CAD/CAM, FMS, CIMS, and IMS. Improve the modern management level of the manufacturing industry and develop a production model that adapts to China's national conditions. Efforts will be made to narrow the gap between China and advanced countries, so that China's manufacturing industry will be ranked first in the world.
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