With the continuous advancement of urbanization in China, the expansion of cities and the growing population have led to increasingly complex and intense social conflicts. The impact of sudden disasters and incidents on urban areas has become more severe, demanding a more efficient and responsive emergency management system. Traditional wired surveillance systems are no longer sufficient to meet the needs of real-time, mobile, and rapid information gathering, on-site handling, and command coordination during emergencies.
As a result, wireless monitoring devices such as wireless network cameras, mobile individual units, in-vehicle command systems, and mobile communication platforms have been rapidly integrated into emergency command systems. These technologies support mobile, fast, and temporary operations. However, existing public wireless networks fail to meet the security, reliability, and performance standards required by emergency systems for data transmission. Therefore, establishing a dedicated and controllable communication network is essential to ensure that emergency responders can access the most reliable and efficient communication channels when it matters most.
**Development of Wireless Private Networks**
A wireless private network represents a progression from 1G voice communication to 4G broadband data and high-definition video transmission. This evolution reflects a shift from analog to digital, and from narrowband to broadband capabilities. The rapid development of wireless digital broadband cluster technology has provided an excellent bandwidth environment and robust technical support for high-definition video surveillance, multi-party voice calls, and digital service transmission. With the continuous improvement of 4G technology, the construction of transmission networks has become faster, more secure, and more feature-rich.
**Advantages of Wireless Private Networks**
1. **Large Service Capacity**: A single group can support over 200 groups, with more than 1,200 online users.
2. **Efficient Frequency Utilization**: Uplink exceeds 3.5 bps/Hz, and downlink exceeds 6 bps/Hz.
3. **Rich Business Support**: Simultaneous support for voice, data, and video services.
4. **Excellent Transmission Performance**: Uplink speed of 50 Mbps and downlink speed of 100 Mbps.
5. **Strong Anti-Jamming Capability**: Uses inter-cell interference randomization, cancellation, and coordination techniques.
6. **High Mobility**: Mobile platforms can quickly establish a wireless emergency network.
7. **Good Visual Performance**: Supports visual cluster scheduling, allowing the command center to view high-definition surveillance footage.
8. **Powerful Security**: Supports multiple encryption algorithms for secure voice, data, and video transmission.
9. **Strong Compatibility**: Follows the BWT standard framework to ensure interoperability between different systems.
**Emergency Wireless Network System Construction**
The system adopts a three-layer topology to achieve the following functions:
1. The transmission system includes the individual soldier system, emergency command vehicle system, and emergency command center system.
2. The individual soldier system captures images from the incident site and transmits them wirelessly to the emergency command vehicle.
3. The emergency command vehicle and individual soldier system enable one-way video transmission and two-way multi-party voice communication.
4. The emergency command vehicle sends live video from the front-line soldiers through the wireless network.
5. The emergency command vehicle transmits business data via satellite channels to the emergency command center.
6. It allows live image browsing and local storage at the scene.
7. Live images are uploaded selectively based on the satellite channel's bandwidth.
8. The emergency command center monitors live video in real time and issues instructions via voice.
9. It enables real-time access to stored images on the emergency command vehicle.
10. The command center tracks the location of on-site personnel using GPS and coordinates deployment.
**Wireless Network System Description**
On-site personnel use wireless transmission devices equipped with cameras to capture images from the scene. These images are compressed and encoded within the device and transmitted to the emergency command vehicle via a private network. At the same time, two-way multi-party communication is enabled between the individual unit and the command vehicle, allowing real-time interaction between field personnel and the command center. The GPS system integrated into the device provides real-time tracking of on-site personnel.
The emergency command vehicle acts as the central node of the field command system. It receives live video from each individual unit through the wireless private network and uses the multi-mix intercom function to issue commands to the field. The onboard display system allows real-time viewing of live video, while local storage is performed. Through the car client, all images can be viewed, searched, retrieved, and played back. The video management server uploads selected images to the command center via the maritime satellite channel.
At the emergency command center, the received video is decoded and displayed through the local video management and streaming media servers. Command instructions are issued in real time to both the command vehicle and mobile terminals. Operators can also browse, store, and retrieve all images remotely through the network.
By integrating with a background GIS platform, a comprehensive emergency command system is established, enabling efficient and coordinated response to critical incidents.
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